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The ECoC evidence base

The Archive

Forty years of European Capitals of Culture in their own words: what cities promised, what they did, and what the evaluations found.

documents
472

documents

cities
190

cities

evaluations
53

evaluations

bid books
182

bid books

1985–2031

title years covered

All shelvesEvaluations 53Monitoring and progress reports 1Bid books 182Selection and monitoring reports 111EU framework and official documents 27Strategies and action plans 5Research, guides and frameworks 33Shared by cities 1Sent in by members 59Published by cities 12
TypeBid book (pre-selection) 96Bid book (final selection) 89Selection panel report 80Monitoring panel report 27Ex-post evaluation 54Monitoring or progress report 5Strategy 9Action plan 2Guide or toolkit

Evaluations 53

Ex-post and independent evaluations: what actually happened.

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Chemnitz 2025

Chemnitz · 2025

Bodø 2024

Bodø · 2024

Timișoara 2023 — Annual report 2023 (Centre for Projects)

Timișoara · 2023

City's own report

Timișoara 2023 — Raport de evaluare (Romanian)

Timișoara · 2023

City's own report

Timișoara 2023 — Evaluation report (2025)

Timișoara · 2023

City's own report

Novi Sad 2022 — Evaluation Report

Novi Sad · 2022

Galway 2020 — Monitoring Report

Galway · 2020

Rijeka 2020 — Evaluation Report

Rijeka · 2020

Galway 2020 — Evaluation Report

Galway · 2020

EC Ex-Post Evaluation — ALL ex-post evaluations -summary

Cross-city (EU summary 2007-2019) · 2019

EC Ex-Post Evaluation — 2019 (Matera & Plovdiv)

Matera & Plovdiv · 2019

Leeuwarden 2018 — European Commission evaluation

Leeuwarden · 2018

Valletta 2018 — Final Report

Valletta · 2018

EC Ex-Post Evaluation — Aarhus, Pafos

Aarhus & Pafos · 2017

Aarhus 2017 — Impact Assessment

Aarhus · 2017

Aarhus 2017

Aarhus · 2017

Wrocław 2016 — final report

Wrocław · 2016

EC Ex-Post Evaluation — 2016 (San Sebastián & Wrocław)

San Sebastián & Wrocław · 2016

Monitoring and progress reports 1

Cities' own reports on how their programme was going, written while it ran.

f5617501-b586-4087-9ce4-4c241f5b9932-ecoc2023-veszprem-third-monitoring-report.pdf

Bid books 182

What cities promised. Statements of intent, not outcome.

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Molenbeek 2030 — Final selection

Molenbeek · 2030

Namur 2030 — Final selection

Namur · 2030

Brugge 2030 — Pre-selection

Brugge · 2030

Gent 2030 — Pre-selection

Gent · 2030

Kortrijk 2030 — Pre-selection

Kortrijk · 2030

Leuven 2030 — Pre-selection

Leuven · 2030

Namur 2030 — Pre-selection

Namur · 2030

Molenbeek 2030 — Pre-selection

Molenbeek · 2030

Larnaka 2030

Larnaka · 2030

Leuven 2030

Leuven · 2030

Kiruna 2029 — Pre-selection

Kiruna · 2029

Kiruna 2029 — Final selection

Kiruna · 2029

Lublin 2029

Lublin · 2029

Bielsko-Biała 2029

Bielsko-Biała · 2029

Katowice 2029

Katowice · 2029

Skopje 2028 — Final selection

Skopje · 2028

Bourges 2028 — Final selection

Bourges · 2028

Bourges 2028 — Pre-selection

Bourges · 2028

Selection and monitoring reports 111

The EU expert panel's pre-selection and final selection (jury) reports, and its monitoring reports on designated cities' preparations. An outside view, not a city's own evidence; a city's own report to the panel is marked as such.

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Selection panel report — Spain ECoC 2031 (pre-selection)

2031

Selection panel report — Malta ECoC 2031 (pre-selection)

2031

Selection panel report — Cyprus ECoC 2030 (final selection)

2030

Selection panel report — Belgium ECoC 2030 (pre-selection)

2030

Selection panel report — EFTA/EEA + candidate countries ECoC 2030 (final selection)

2030

Selection panel report — Belgium ECoC 2030 (final selection)

2030

Selection panel report — Sweden ECoC 2029 (pre-selection)

2029

Selection panel report — Poland ECoC 2029 (pre-selection)

2029

Selection panel report — Sweden ECoC 2029 (final selection)

2029

Selection panel report — Poland ECoC 2029 (final selection)

2029

České Budějovice 2028 — monitoring report 2025 (Czech)

České Budějovice · 2028

City's own report

České Budějovice 2028 — monitoring report 2024 (city's report)

České Budějovice · 2028

City's own report

Skopje 2028 — 1st monitoring report

Skopje · 2028

Selection panel report — EFTA/EEA + candidate countries ECoC 2028 (pre-selection)

2028

Bourges 2028 — 1st monitoring report

Bourges · 2028

Selection panel report — France ECoC 2028 (final selection, French)

2028

Selection panel report — France ECoC 2028 (pre-selection)

2028

Czech Republic ECoC 2028 — first monitoring report (České Budějovice)

České Budějovice · 2028

EU framework and official documents 27

Legal framework, guides and calls, the Commission's evaluations, and reference studies written for the EU institutions.

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Call for submission of applications — European Capital of Culture 2032 in Denmark

2025

Commission Staff Working Document — interim evaluation of the ECoC action, SWD(2025) 284

2025

Report from the Commission — first interim evaluation of the ECoC action 2020–2033, COM(2025) 587

2025

Call for submission of applications — European Capital of Culture 2031 in Malta

2024

Decision (EU) 2020/2229 amending Decision No 445/2014/EU (COVID-19: 2020 and 2021 titles extended)

2020

Report from the Commission — ex-post evaluation of the 2019 ECoC (Plovdiv and Matera), COM(2021) 493

2019

Report from the Commission — ex-post evaluation of the 2018 ECoC (Leeuwarden and Valletta), COM(2020) 386

2018

Report from the Commission — ex-post evaluation of the 2017 ECoC (Pafos and Aarhus), COM(2019) 266

2017

Compendium of recommendations from the ex-post evaluations of the ECoC 2007–2016

2017

Decision (EU) 2017/1545 amending Decision No 445/2014/EU

2017

Report from the Commission — ex-post evaluation of the 2016 ECoC (Donostia San Sebastián and Wrocław), COM(2018) 235

2016

European Capitals of Culture: 30 years (European Commission, 2015)

2015

Report from the Commission — ex-post evaluation of the 2015 ECoC (Mons and Pilsen), COM(2017) 193

2015

Council Decision (EU) 2015/809 designating the European Capitals of Culture for 2019 in Bulgaria and Italy

2015

Report from the Commission — ex-post evaluation of the 2014 ECoC (Umeå and Riga), COM(2015) 580

2014

Guidelines for the cities' own evaluations of the results of each European Capital of Culture

2014

Guide for cities preparing to bid — European Capitals of Culture 2020–2033

2014

Decision No 445/2014/EU establishing a Union action for the European Capitals of Culture 2020–2033 (consolidated, 5 Oct 2017)

2014

Strategies and action plans 5

How cities planned to deliver and to keep going.

Cultural Development Plan „Cultural Vision 2030“ (English) (Bad Ischl 2024)

Bad Ischl · 2024

Brno. Contributed by Brno and published to everyone.

ACTION PLAN No.1-Culture and Creative Industries Strategy EN 2026-2027.pdf

Brno. Contributed by Brno and published to everyone.

Culture and Creative Industries Strategy 2026_2035.pdf

Cáceres. Contributed by Cáceres and published to everyone.

Documento-explicativo-para-la-presentacion-de-la-Estrategia-Cultural-de-Caceres-2026–2036.pdf

Cáceres. Contributed by Cáceres and published to everyone.

DOCUMENTO-Estrategia-Cultural-de-Caceres-2026-2036.pdf

Research, guides and frameworks 33

Cross-city studies, frameworks, guides and conference papers.

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Programme Book of the Cultural Programme (2024, Bilingual) (Bad Ischl 2024)

Bad Ischl · 2024

Legacy Magazine „Aufbruch, / Shine On, Salzkammergut“ (Bad Ischl 2024)

Bad Ischl · 2024

Brașov, city of lost candidacies — a case study (Bulletin of Transilvania University, Series VII)

Brașov · 2021

Cagliari events 2014–2019 (Cagliari 2019 candidacy)

Cagliari · 2019

Leeuwarden 2018 — regional development

Leeuwarden · 2018

Wrocław 2016 — Archipelagos of Culture

Wrocław · 2016

Istanbul 2010

Istanbul · 2010

Vilnius 2009 — anthropological report

Vilnius · 2009

Governing ECoCs (Sibiu 2007)

Sibiu · 2007

City marketing (Sibiu 2007)

Sibiu · 2007

Urban branding (Patras 2006)

Patras · 2006

An analysis of the cultural sector in the aftermath of Cork 2005

Cork · 2005

Urban anxieties and creative tensions in the European Capital of Culture 2005 (Cork)

Cork · 2005

Un événement d'une ampleur exceptionnelle (Lille 2004)

Lille · 2004

Lille 2004 and the role of culture in the regeneration of Lille métropole

Lille · 2004

Comparing the Genoa 2004 and Lille 2004 cases (Sacco)

Genoa & Lille · 2004

Lasting effects of Bruges 2002

Bruges · 2002

A case study of Salamanca 2002

Salamanca · 2002

Shared by cities 1

Cities' own documents, offered to the Archive and checked by Culture Next. Each one credits the city that shared it.

Cluj-Napoca. Contributed by Cluj-Napoca and published to everyone.

Culture Next Input - EC Call for Evidence on the new ECoC Legal Basis

Cluj-Napoca · 2026

Sent in by members 59

Everything members have sent to Encore by email, searchable straight away.

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Cáceres. Contributed by Cáceres and published to everyone.

Cáceres joins the cross-border network 'La Frontera de la Cultura

Cáceres. Contributed by Cáceres and published to everyone.

Cáceres 2031 Joins European Erasmus 65+ Project

Cáceres. Contributed by Cáceres and published to everyone.

Cáceres 2031 Presents Transcultura in Brussels – Culture, Territorial Transformation and European Cooperation

Cáceres. Contributed by Cáceres and published to everyone.

Cáceres 2031 at the 17th Culture Next Conference in Oulu

Cáceres. Contributed by Cáceres and published to everyone.

Cáceres 2031 and Encore AI – Artificial Intelligence for European Cultural Cooperation

Cáceres. Contributed by Cáceres and published to everyone.

Report ENG Open Call Figures.pdf

Cáceres. Contributed by Cáceres and published to everyone.

Abby Violin Caceres 2031 Report.pdf

Cáceres. Contributed by Cáceres and published to everyone.

Caceres2031_CulturaViva_EN.pdf

London. Contributed by London and published to everyone.

Grant Programmes in the Field of Culture

Cáceres. Contributed by Cáceres and published to everyone.

AGCEX Endorsement of Cáceres 2031 European Capital of Culture Bid

Cáceres. Contributed by Cáceres and published to everyone.

Report ENG Cáceres 2031 and Potries.pdf

Cáceres. Contributed by Cáceres and published to everyone.

Report ENG - Armando Juntas Territorio.pdf

Cáceres. Contributed by Cáceres and published to everyone.

Report Heritage Nights ENG.pdf

Cáceres. Contributed by Cáceres and published to everyone.

Report Cultural Capital Day ENG.pdf

Cáceres. Contributed by Cáceres and published to everyone.

Report ENG Tegus Meeting.pdf

Cáceres. Contributed by Cáceres and published to everyone.

Report Open Call Caceres 2031.pdf

Cáceres. Contributed by Cáceres and published to everyone.

Cultural_Creation_Guide_English.pdf

Cáceres. Contributed by Cáceres and published to everyone.

REPORT Cultural Creation Guide .pdf

Published by cities 12

Documents cities chose to make public.

Brno. Contributed by Brno and published to everyone.

Culture and Creative Industries Strategy 2026–2035

Brno · 2026

Brno. Contributed by Brno and published to everyone.

Grant Programmes in the Field of Culture (2026)

Brno · 2026

Brno. Contributed by Brno and published to everyone.

Action Plan No. 1: Culture and Creative Industries Strategy 2026–2027

Brno · 2026

Cluj-Napoca. Contributed by Cluj-Napoca and published to everyone.

ANNEX to the Proposal for a DECISION OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL renewing a Union action for the European Capitals of Culture for the years 2034 to 2047 and repealing Decision No 445/2014/EU

Cluj-Napoca · 2026

Cluj-Napoca. Contributed by Cluj-Napoca and published to everyone.

DECISION OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL renewing a Union action for the European Capitals of Culture for the years 2034 to 2047 and repealing Decision No 445/2014/EU

Cluj-Napoca · 2026

Gent. Contributed by Gent and published to everyone.

Ghent2030: Toopen Together. Cultural recharge for a common future

Gent · 2024

Brno. Contributed by Brno and published to everyone.

OK Analyza brnenske kulturni sceny ENG 2025_WEB

Brno

Financial Support for Brno’s Independent Cultural Scene

Brno

2026 · Context

Brno. Contributed by Brno and published to everyone.

Financial Support for Brno’s Independent Cultural Scene

Brno · 2026

Strategy in Practice in Brno: Grants Powering Cultural and Creative Fields

Brno

Plan

Brno. Contributed by Brno and published to everyone.

Strategy in Practice in Brno: Grants Powering Cultural and Creative Fields

Brno

Strategy in Practice in Brno: Culture Accessible to All

Brno

Plan

Brno. Contributed by Brno and published to everyone.

Strategy in Practice in Brno: Culture Accessible to All

Brno

Strategy in Practice in Brno: Brno Sculpture

Brno

Plan

Brno. Contributed by Brno and published to everyone.

Strategy in Practice in Brno: Brno Sculpture

Brno

How Will We Know If LOV2030 Makes a Real Difference?

Leuven

Context

Leuven. Contributed by Leuven and published to everyone.

How Will We Know If LOV2030 Makes a Real Difference?

Leuven

6
Research 56
Other 60
What the document types mean
Bid book (pre-selection)
A city's first application for the title, judged by the selection panel to make the shortlist.
Evidence of intent: what a city promised, not what it delivered.
Bid book (final selection)
A shortlisted city's full, final application for the title, with its programme, budget and plans.
Evidence of intent: what a city promised, not what it delivered.
Selection panel report
The EU expert panel's assessment of the bids in one competition, with its reasons and its recommendation.
Context: useful background, not a city's own evidence of what happened.
Monitoring panel report
The EU expert panel's report on a designated city's preparations before its title year, with its advice.
Context: useful background, not a city's own evidence of what happened.
Ex-post evaluation
An assessment, written after the title year or a programme, of what it actually achieved, usually by independent evaluators.
Evidence of outcome: what actually happened.
Monitoring or progress report
A city's own report on how its programme is going, written while it runs, with the figures it has tracked.
Evidence of outcome: what actually happened.
Strategy
A city's long-term plan or policy for culture, including legacy strategies and council decisions.
A plan: how a city meant to deliver and keep going.
Action plan
A concrete plan of what a city or organisation will do, by when and with what resources.
A plan: how a city meant to deliver and keep going.
Guide or toolkit
Practical how-to material that others can reuse: guides, toolkits, handbooks and templates.
Context: useful background, not a city's own evidence of what happened.
Research
Studies, frameworks and papers across one or more cities, written by researchers rather than by a city.
Context: useful background, not a city's own evidence of what happened.
Other
Anything else: news, memos, programme brochures and documents that fit no type above.
Context: useful background, not a city's own evidence of what happened.