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The ECoC evidence base

The Archive

Forty years of European Capitals of Culture in their own words: what cities promised, what they did, and what the evaluations found.

documents
472

documents

cities
190

cities

evaluations
53

evaluations

bid books
182

bid books

1985–2031

title years covered

All shelvesEvaluations 53Monitoring and progress reports 1Bid books 182Selection and monitoring reports 111EU framework and official documents 27Strategies and action plans 5Research, guides and frameworks 33Shared by cities 1Sent in by members 59Published by cities 12
TypeBid book (pre-selection) 3Bid book (final selection) 11Monitoring panel report 2Ex-post evaluation 15Strategy 1Research 6Other 3 Any type

15 documents of type ex-post evaluation for “Legacy”

Clear
Ask Encore: “Legacy”An answer from across the Archive, every claim cited to its document.

Found inside the documents

What the document types mean
Bid book (pre-selection)
A city's first application for the title, judged by the selection panel to make the shortlist.
Evidence of intent: what a city promised, not what it delivered.
Bid book (final selection)
A shortlisted city's full, final application for the title, with its programme, budget and plans.
Evidence of intent: what a city promised, not what it delivered.
Selection panel report
The EU expert panel's assessment of the bids in one competition, with its reasons and its recommendation.
Context: useful background, not a city's own evidence of what happened.
Monitoring panel report
The EU expert panel's report on a designated city's preparations before its title year, with its advice.
Context: useful background, not a city's own evidence of what happened.
Ex-post evaluation
An assessment, written after the title year or a programme, of what it actually achieved, usually by independent evaluators.
Evidence of outcome: what actually happened.
Monitoring or progress report
A city's own report on how its programme is going, written while it runs, with the figures it has tracked.
Evidence of outcome: what actually happened.
Strategy
A city's long-term plan or policy for culture, including legacy strategies and council decisions.
A plan: how a city meant to deliver and keep going.
Action plan
A concrete plan of what a city or organisation will do, by when and with what resources.
A plan: how a city meant to deliver and keep going.
Guide or toolkit
Practical how-to material that others can reuse: guides, toolkits, handbooks and templates.
Context: useful background, not a city's own evidence of what happened.
Research
Studies, frameworks and papers across one or more cities, written by researchers rather than by a city.
Context: useful background, not a city's own evidence of what happened.
Other
Anything else: news, memos, programme brochures and documents that fit no type above.
Context: useful background, not a city's own evidence of what happened.
EC Ex-Post Evaluation — 2019 (Matera & Plovdiv)
Matera & Plovdiv · 2019

To ensure legacy, the Foundation added a specific requirement for project proposals to build on the following aspects: Topics and concepts of the Plovdiv 2019 programme, and where possible, to enrich festivals and events, which were…

  • San Sebastián 2016 — Evaluation Report
    San Sebastián · 2016

    The main finding of the evaluation in terms of legacy and sustainability is that the legacy planning of the ECoC in San Sebastián has been generally limited.

  • EC Ex-Post Evaluation — ALL ex-post evaluations -summary
    Cross-city (EU summary 2007-2019) · 2019

    LEGACY Planning legacy at an early stage Sustainability needs to be considered at an early stage and ‘built-in’ from the outset. Whilst the year before the title-year and the title-year itself are inevitably very busy, legacy planning…

  • EC Ex-Post Evaluation — 2016 (San Sebastián & Wrocław)
    San Sebastián & Wrocław · 2016

    The main finding of the evaluation in terms of legacy and sustainability is that the legacy planning of the ECoC in San Sebastián has been generally limited.

  • Timișoara 2023 — Evaluation report (2025)
    Timișoara · 2023

    The Municipality of Timișoara has also initiated the preparation of a Timișoara 2023 Legacy Plan, which will be integrated into the city’s future cultural strategy from 2025 onwards, reinforcing the positive impact of the programme on the…

  • Valletta 2018 — Final Report
    Valletta · 2018

    …initiatives in Valletta or elsewhere consider community involvement not as an afterthought or as a fringe element, but as a touchstone of legacy generation.

  • Marseille 2013
    Marseille-Provence · 2013

    Both cities saw significant improvements to the cultural infrastructure, which are a key legacy effect. In some ways this is most noteworthy in Košice given the context of many years of under-investment.

  • EC Ex-Post Evaluation — Aarhus, Pafos
    Aarhus & Pafos · 2017

    …ECoC status can influence tourism numbers in a city as it becomes a contributing factor in their decision on which destination to choose. 3.6 Legacy This section looks at the longer-term legacy of the Pafos ECoC post 2017 and explores how…

  • Leeuwarden 2018 — European Commission evaluation
    Leeuwarden · 2018

    …staff felt the opposite, noting that visits to cities are often enriched by experiencing smaller and more locally focussed activities. 3.6 Legacy The first recommendations related to legacy were made in 2016 and 2017 where the Foundation…

  • EC Ex-Post Evaluation — 2015 (Mons & Plzeň)
    Mons & Plzeň · 2015

    Joint activities (including joint ticketing, joint marketing and the sharing of equipment) were still occurring due to the legacy of strong relationships built up over the ECoC year.

  • EC Ex-Post Evaluation — Umeå, Riga
    Umeå & Riga · 2014

    …events and activities ‘bigger and better’ rather than stimulating completely new activities was seen as a key way of maintaining a longer term legacy.

  • Rijeka 2020 — Evaluation Report
    Rijeka · 2020

    …Incubator programme Number of external events 2022 365 (173 foreigners) 13 86 128 2023 502 (200 foreigners) 20 86 90 144 EVALUATION REPORT 6 LEGACY EVALUATION REPORT 145 6.

  • EC Ex-Post Evaluation — Essen Ruhr, Pécs, Istanbul
    Essen/Ruhr, Pécs, Istanbul · 2010

    Beyond these benefits, the creation of a sustainable legacy is more uncertain. It typically requires the key stakeholders to come together around a long-term vision and strategy and to establish a structure for the ongoing governance and…

  • Novi Sad 2022 — Evaluation Report
    Novi Sad · 2022

    PUBLICATIONS 1000+ 122 123 LEGACY OF NOVI SAD 2022 The most important legacies of the ‘Novi Sad – European Capital of Culture’ project are people and processes, making the foundations and pillars which support the most visible legacies of…

  • Also matching the title, city or themes

    Chemnitz 2025

    Chemnitz · 2025